#Parkinson's Disease

On May 20, 2026, Japan added three ultra-expensive regenerative medicines to public insurance coverage: Amshepri (world's first iPS cell-derived drug, for Parkinson's), Akugo (stem cells for traumatic brain injury), and Zolgensma Intrathecal (gene therapy for SMA patients aged 2+). Prices range from 55 million yen ($352K) to 167 million yen ($1.06M). We explain why these drugs cost so much, how Japan's high-cost medical expense system shields patients, and whether prices might fall over time.

A Tohoku University-UC Irvine team led by Prof. Kei Igarashi has discovered that dopamine in the entorhinal cortex drops to less than one-fifth of normal levels in Alzheimer's mice, driving memory loss. Published in Nature Neuroscience, the finding suggests Levodopa—a Parkinson's drug used for over half a century—could restore memory in Alzheimer's, opening a new path beyond the amyloid-beta hypothesis behind drugs like lecanemab.